mysql中用户管理和权限控制的示例分析
发布时间：2022-01-11 13:33:37 所属栏目：MySql教程 来源：互联网
导读：这篇文章主要介绍mysql中用户管理和权限控制的示例分析，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！ 一：用户的创建（两种方法）： 方法一：CREATE USER username@% IDENTIFIED BY password; 方法二：GRANT select ON databas
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这篇文章主要介绍mysql中用户管理和权限控制的示例分析，文中介绍的非常详细，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完！ 一：用户的创建（两种方法）： 方法一：CREATE USER 'username'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; 方法二：GRANT select ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'%' ; 二：mysql root用户密码设置以及修改。 方法1： 用SET PASSWORD命令 mysql -u root mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('newpass'); 方法2：用mysqladmin mysqladmin -u root password "newpass" 如果root已经设置过密码，采用如下方法 mysqladmin -u root password oldpass "newpass" 方法3： 用UPDATE直接编辑user表 mysql -u root mysql> use mysql; mysql> UPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD('newpass') WHERE user = 'root'; mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; 在丢失root密码的时候，可以这样 mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables& mysql -u root mysql mysql> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD("new password") WHERE user='root'; mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; 三：重点讲解创建mysql用户时，@后面的ip的意义：就是为了限制登陆mysql的ip，具体有如下： 1)只允许在本地登录； mysql> CREATE USER 'liuwenhe'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'liuwenhelocal'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 2）允许在192.168.0网段登陆mysql； mysql> CREATE USER 'liuwenhe'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'liuwenhe0'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 3）允许在192.168.8网段登陆mysql； mysql> CREATE USER 'liuwenhe'@'192.168.8.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'liuwenhe8'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 4）没有限制，也就是可以在任何网络段登陆（前提是网络得通）； mysql> CREATE USER 'liuwenhe'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'liuwenheall'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 针对上面这几个liuwenhe用户做了一些测试，结果如下： 1） 'liuwenhe'@'192.168.0.%'这类的用户是不能在本地登录的，要想在本地登录，需要有localhost或者127.0.0.1的登陆权限； 需要注意的是，如果你只创建了用户 'liuwenhe'@'localhost' ， 1.mysql> CREATE USER 'liuwenhe'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'liuwenhelocal'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> select host,user from mysql.user; +--------------+----------+ | host | user | +--------------+----------+ | % | ogg | | % | root | | 127.0.0.1 | root | | 192.168.0.% | ncms | | 192.168.0.13 | rep | | localhost | liuwenhe | | localhost | ncms | | localhost | ogg | | localhost | root | | server01 | root | +--------------+----------+ 10 rows in set (0.00 sec) 如下两种登陆方式都能成功： [root@server02 ~]# mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhelocal -hlocalhost [root@server02 ~]# mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhelocal -h227.0.0.1 2.如果你只创建了liuwenhe'@'l127.0.0.1'， mysql> select host,user from mysql.user; +--------------+----------+ | host | user | +--------------+----------+ | % | ogg | | % | root | | 127.0.0.1 | liuwenhe | | 127.0.0.1 | root | | 192.168.0.% | ncms | | 192.168.0.13 | rep | | localhost | ncms | | localhost | ogg | | localhost | root | | server01 | root | +--------------+----------+ 10 rows in set (0.00 sec) 只能通过mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhelocal -h227.0.0.1登陆，不能通过 mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhelocal -hlocalhost登陆； [root@server02 ~]# mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhelocal -h227.0.0.1 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 3628 Server version: 5.6.26-enterprise-commercial-advanced-log MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial) Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> 不能通过localhost登陆，如下报错： [root@server02 ~]# mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhelocal -hlocalhost Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'liuwenhe'@'localhost' (using password: YES) 2）如果你同时创建了'liuwenhe'@'192.168.0.%'和'liuwenhe'@'%'这两个用户，那么当你从192.168.0网段去登陆数据库的时候，'liuwenhe'@'%'用户是不能登陆数据库的，只能通过'liuwenhe'@'192.168.0.%'登陆，但是当你删除'liuwenhe'@'192.168.0.%'用户的时候，'liuwenhe'@'%'用户就可以登陆了，可以理解为mysql优先并且只会验证匹配度高的用户， 具体验证过程如下： mysql> select host,user from mysql.user; +--------------+----------+ | host | user | +--------------+----------+ | % | liuwenhe | | % | ogg | | % | root | | 127.0.0.1 | root | | 192.168.0.% | liuwenhe | | 192.168.0.% | ncms | | 192.168.0.13 | rep | | localhost | ncms | | localhost | ogg | | localhost | root | | server01 | root | +--------------+----------+ 11 rows in set (0.00 sec) 在另一台机器S244（192.168.0.244）尝试登陆mysql： 使用'liuwenhe'@'%'用户登录失败：如下 [root@S244 ~]# mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenheall -h292.168.0.12 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'liuwenhe'@'192.168.0.244' (using password: YES) 使用'liuwenhe'@'192.168.0.%'用户登录成功，如下： [root@S244 ~]# mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhe0 -h292.168.0.12 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 3679 Server version: 5.6.26-enterprise-commercial-advanced-log MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> 当你删除'liuwenhe'@'192.168.0.%'用户的时候，'liuwenhe'@'%'用户就可以登陆了，如下： mysql> delete from mysql.user where user='liuwenhe' and host='192.168.0.%'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 依旧在另一台机器S244（192.168.0.244）尝试使用'liuwenhe'@'%'用户登陆mysql，成功了： [root@S244 ~]# mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenheall -h292.168.0.12 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 3681 Server version: 5.6.26-enterprise-commercial-advanced-log MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> 3）我的这台mysql所在的服务器上面有两个ip,如下： 现在我创建了一个 'liuwenhe'@'192.168.8.%' ， 那么只能通过 mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhe8 -h292.168.8.238登陆，不能通过mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhe8 -h292.168.0.12登陆，同理创建了一个 'liuwenhe'@'192.168.0.%' ，只能通过 mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhe0 -h292.168.0.12登陆，不能通过mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhe0 -h292.168.8.238登陆 验证如下： mysql> CREATE USER 'liuwenhe'@'192.168.0.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'liuwenhe0'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> exit Bye [root@server02 ~]# mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhe0 -h292.168.0.12 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g. Your MySQL connection id is 3704 Server version: 5.6.26-enterprise-commercial-advanced-log MySQL Enterprise Server - Advanced Edition (Commercial) Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> exit Bye [root@server02 ~]# mysql -uliuwenhe -pliuwenhe0 -h292.168.8.238 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'liuwenhe'@'192.168.8.238' (using password: YES) 以上是“mysql中用户管理和权限控制的示例分析”这篇文章的所有内容，感谢各位的阅读！ （编辑：广州站长网） 【声明】本站内容均来自网络，其相关言论仅代表作者个人观点，不代表本站立场。若无意侵犯到您的权利，请及时与联系站长删除相关内容! |
